L 190 - ROYAL PLECO

Royal Pleco (Panaque nigrolineatus), also known as the Royal Farlowella or Royal Panaque, is a striking freshwater fish known for its distinctive coloration and pattern. Here’s a comprehensive care guide for the Royal Pleco.

Tank size and Set up

• Tank Size: A minimum of 75 gallons is recommended. Royal Plecos grow relatively large and need ample space to thrive.
• Aquascape: Provide a well-structured tank with plenty of hiding spots using driftwood, rocks, and plants. Driftwood is particularly important for their diet and provides natural hiding places.
• Substrate: A substrate of fine gravel or sand is ideal. Ensure the substrate is smooth to prevent damage to their delicate undersides.
• Lighting: Moderate lighting is suitable. Since Royal Plecos often seek refuge in darker areas, provide ample cover with driftwood and plants.

Water Parameters

• Temperature: They prefer water temperatures between 75-82°F (24-28°C). Use a reliable heater to maintain a stable temperature.
• pH: They thrive in slightly acidic to neutral water, with a pH range of 6.5 to 7.5.
• Hardness: They prefer soft to moderately hard water, with a general hardness (GH) of 4-12 dGH.
• Water Quality: Maintain excellent water quality with regular water changes (20-30% weekly). Ensure ammonia and nitrite levels are at 0 ppm and keep nitrates below 20 ppm. Use a high-quality water conditioner to treat tap water before adding it to the tank.

Filtration and Water Flow

• Filtration: Use a filtration system that provides both mechanical and biological filtration. A canister filter or large hang-on-back filter works well for their tank size and helps maintain clean water.
• Water Flow: Moderate to strong water flow is acceptable. Ensure the filtration creates a current that mimics their natural environment without creating strong currents that could stress the fish.

Feeding

• Diet: Royal Plecos are primarily herbivorous but will also consume some protein. Offer high-quality sinking pellets or wafers formulated for herbivores. Supplement with fresh vegetables like zucchini, cucumber, and squash. They also enjoy algae wafers and driftwood, which they graze on.
• Variety: Providing a varied diet ensures they receive all necessary nutrients. Regularly include driftwood in their diet, as it aids digestion.
• Feeding Frequency: Feed them once or twice a day. Offer only as much food as they can consume within a few minutes to avoid overfeeding and maintain water quality.